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Biotechnology consists on the utilization of living organisms or its components for the production of goods and services. For the most part, biotechnological processes are considered to be more efficient and environmentally friendly than those based on traditional technologies. The present article argues in support of the following contentions: 1) Due to its technical simplicity and to the presence of strategic niches of localized interest, BT represents an appealing option for developing nations; 2) Sound knowledge instead of ideology or myth must be the criterion driving the adoption of applications that may elicit some controversy, such as the production of biofuels or the cultivation of genetically modified crops, and 3) The respect for human dignity must be the foremost principle to have in mind in the design of novel therapies involving manipulation of human embryos.